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Information Sheet
Infection Disease Diagnosis - Collection Methods
Infection Disease Diagnosis - Collection Methods
Diagnostic Testing For Multiple Infectious Problems in Animal Shelters
| Suspect | Sample Required | Tests to run |
Multiple Host Species |
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| Campylobacters | Fresh Feces | Gram Stain, microaerophilic culture |
| Cryptosporidium parvum,felis | Fresh Feces | microscopy, fluorescent antibody assay(1) |
| Giardia lamblia | Fresh Feces | microscopy, fluorescent antibody assay(1) |
| Rabies | Refrigerated cadavers, heads | FA brain tissue |
| Ringworm | Hairs,skin from periphery of affected area | KOH prep & direct microscopy, fungal culture(1) |
| Salmonella | Feces | Bacterial Culture |
Cats |
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| Bordetellosis | Endotracheal wash Fluid (2), Oropharyngeal swab (3) | Bacterial Culture |
| Calicivirus | Swabs of eyes (2), oropharynx (2), feces, blood |
Virus culture (1) RT-PCR |
| Chlamydiosis | Swabs of eyes (3) | PCR (1) Cytology |
| Enteric coronavirus | Feces, may be frozen (to test for shedding) Serum (to test for exposure) |
RT-PCR (feces) Serology/IFA |
| Feline Immunodeficiency virus FIV (AIDS) | Blood | ELISA |
| Feline leukemia |
Blood (2), Saliva, tears | Antigen ELISA (1) PCR |
| Hemobartonellosis, infectious anemia | Whole blood | Cytology PCR (1) |
| Herpesvirus, viral rhinotracheitis | Swabs of eyes (2), oropharynx (2), nose | Virus culture (1) PCR |
| Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) |
Blood Ascites fluid Tissue with lesion in formalin |
SEE #7 |
| Mycoplasma | Swabs of eyes and/or oropharynx (3) | Culture PCR (1) |
| Panleukopenia (5) | Blood, Feces | Complete blood count Antigen ELISA on feces |
Dogs
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| Canine herpesvirus | Dead whole puppy Respiratory secretions (4) |
Virus culture PCR (1) |
| Coronavirus (6) | Feces | Culture |
| Distemper (6) |
Conjunctival scrape, Oculonasal exudate, Serum | Cytology RT-PCR Serology |
| Ehrlichiosis (5) | Whole Blood | Serology PCR |
| Infectious hepatitis | Whole Blood | Serology, Culture |
| Kennel cough complex | Transtracheal wash fluid (2) Oropharyngeal swab (3) |
Bacterial culture for Bordetella |
| Leptospirosis (5) | Serum, Urine | Serology, PCR |
| Lyme disease(5) | Serum | ELISA, Western Blot |
| Parvovirus(5) | Blood, Feces | Complete Blood Count (CBC), Antigen ELISA on feces |
| Salmon poisoning | Feces, Lymph node aspirate (2) | Fluke sedimentation (feces) Cytology (apirate) (1) |
- Preferred assay
- Preferred sample
- Use specific "bacterial culturette"
- Use specific "viral culturette"
- Recommend both tests
- No single excellent test, often a clinical diagnosis
- Serology/IFA (tests for exposure to any coronavirus and DOES NOT DISTINGUISH FECV FROM FIP). RT-PCR (can only confirm FIP if positive in site where FECV could not be present) Immunohistochemistry (1)